Important Inventions and Discoveries, Timeline and Inventors

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Important Inventions and Discoveries

The Static GK section in competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, and Railway includes many important topics. One key area is inventions and discoveries, which often appear in the General Awareness section. Knowing who invented what and when can help you score better in these exams.

To do well, it’s important to study famous discoveries and their inventors across different fields. This will help you answer questions quickly and correctly. With proper preparation, you can easily improve your performance in the Static GK section.

By learning about inventions and discoveries, you’ll not only gain knowledge but also boost your confidence for the exam!

List of Inventions and Discoveries

Invention/DiscoveryName of the InventorYear of Invention
Automatic CalculatorWilhelm Schickard1623
Air ConditionerWillis Carrier1902
AnemometerLeon Battista Alberti1450
AnimationJ. Stuart Blackton
Atom BombJulius Robert Oppenheimer1945
AspirinDr. Felix Hoffman1899
AirplaneWilber and Orville Wright1903
Adhesive tapeRichard G. Drew1923
Bifocal LensBenjamin Franklin1779
BarometerEvangelista Torricelli1643
Barbed WireJoseph F. Glidden1873
Blood GroupKarl Lansdsteiner1900s
Ball Point PenJohn Loud
Bicycle TyresJohn Boyd Dunlop1888
Pedal Driven BicycleKirkpatrick Macmillan1839
CelluloidAlexander Parkes1861
ChloroformSir James Young Simpson
Cine CameraWm. Friese-Greene1889
Circulation of bloodWilliam Harvey1628
Clock MechanicalHsing and Ling-Tsan1725
Diesel EngineRudolf Diesel1892
Centigrade ScaleAnders Celsius1742
ChlorineCarl Wilhelm Scheele1774
DynamiteAlfred B. Nobel1867
Diesel EngineRudolf Diesel1895
Electric stove/cookerWilliam S. Hadaway1896
ElectroscopeWilliam Gilbert1600s
Electric FanSchuyler Wheeler1882
Electric BatteryVolta1800
ElevatorElisha G. Otis1852
Electric Motor (DC)Thomas Davenport1873
ElectromagnetWilliam Sturgeon1824
Fountain PenPetrache Poenaru1827
FluorineAndré-Marie Ampère1810
GramophoneThomas Edison1878
HydrogenHenry Cavendish1766
HelicopterIgor Sikorsky1939
HovercraftChristopher Cockerell1959
Hot Air BalloonJosef & Etienne Montgolfier1783
HeliumJules Janssen1868
InsulinSir Frederick Banting1923
Jet EngineHans Von Ohain1936
Lightning ConductorBenjamin Franklin1752
LocomotiveGeorge Stephenson1804
LaserTheodore Maiman1960
Light BulbThomas Edison1854
MotorcycleGottlieb Daimler1885
MicroscopeZacharis Janssen1590
MicrophoneAlexander Graham Bell1876
Machine GunRichard Gatling1861
Neon LampGeorges Claude1915
OxygenJoseph Priestley1774
OzoneChristian Schonbein1839
PianoBartolomeo Cristofori1700
Printing PressJohannes Gutenberg1440
ParachuteLouis-Sebastien Lenormand1783
Polio VaccineJonas Edward Salk
Periodic TableDmitri Mendeleev1869
PenicillinAlexander Fleming1928
PacemakerRune Elmqvist1952
Petrol for Motor CarKarl Benz1885
RefrigeratorWilliam Cullen1748
RadiumMarie & Pierre Curie1898
Rubber (vulcanized)Charles Goodyear1841
Rocket EngineRobert H. Goddard1926
RadioGuglielmo Marconi1894
Richter ScaleCharles Richter1935
Ship (Turbine)Charles Parsons1894
Steam ShipRobert Fulton1807
Steam BoatRobert Fulton1786
SubmarineCornelis Drebbel1620
StethoscopeRene Laennec1816
SaxophoneAdolphe Sax1846
Sewing MachineElias Howe1846
Steam-Powered AirshipHenri Giffard1852
Soft Contact lensesOtto Wichterle1961
SynthesizerDr. Robert Arthur Moog1964
ThermometerGalileo1593
Theory of EvolutionCharles Darwin1858
TypewriterChristopher Latham Sholes
TransistorsJohn Bardeen, William Shockley & Walter Brattain1948
TelephoneGraham Bell1874
Valve. RadioSir J.A Fleming1904
Vacuum CleanerHubert Cecil Booth1901
Vitamin AFrederick Gowland Hpokins1912
Vitamin BChristiaan Eijkman1897
Vitamin CAlbert Szent-Gyorgi
Vitamin KHenrik Dam1929
Vitamin EHerbert McLean Evans & Katherine Scott Bishop
Windshield wipersMary Anderson1903
World Wide WebTim Berners Lee with Robert Cailliau1989
X-rayWilhelm Conrad Roentgen1895
Xerox MachineChester Carlson1928

List of Important Discoveries

S. NoDiscoveryDiscovererYear of Discovery
1Structure of DNAJames Watson and Francis Crick1953
2Evolution by natural selectionCharles Darwin1859
3Laws of thermodynamicsSadi Carnot, James Prescott Joule, Rudolf Clausius1824-1865
4Theory of relativityAlbert Einstein1905-1915
5Periodic tableDmitri Mendeleev1869
6Plate tectonicsAlfred Wegener1912
7Big Bang TheoryGeorges Lemaître1927
8Quantum mechanicsMax Planck, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger, Paul Dirac1900-1930s
9Higgs BosonPeter Higgs and François Englert2012
10Black holesJohn Michell and Albert Einstein1783, 1916
11ExoplanetsAleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail1992
12Continental DriftAlfred Wegener1912
13ElectronJ.J. Thomson1897
14RadioactivityMarie Curie, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel1896-1898
15NeutronJames Chadwick1932
16ProtonErnest Rutherford1917
17Cosmic Microwave Background RadiationArno Penzias and Robert Wilson1965
18Gravitational WavesLIGO Scientific Collaboration2015
19Ozone HoleJoe Farman, Brian Gardiner, and Jonathan Shanklin1985
20Greenhouse EffectJoseph Fourier, John Tyndall, and Svante Arrhenius1824, 1861, 1896
21Dark MatterFritz Zwicky1933
22Dark EnergySaul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt, and Adam G. Riess1998
23First Supermassive Black HoleMaarten Schmidt1963
24First Black Hole MergerLIGO Scientific Collaboration2015
25First Gravitational LensJ. H. Oort and F. Zwicky1937

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As a professional blogger and passionate educator, I am driven by a deep-seated desire to share knowledge and empower others. With years of experience in the field, I am committed to providing valuable insights and guidance to aspiring learners. My passion lies in helping individuals discover their potential and achieve their goals. I am also a firm believer in the power of motivation and strive to inspire others to pursue their dreams with unwavering determination.

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