Harischandra Range: Overview and Key Features

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Location and Orientation

  • The Harischandra Range is a spur of the Western Ghats in Maharashtra, India.
  • It runs in a northwest to southeast direction, stretching from:
    • Northeast Pune district through Ahmednagar and Beed to Osmanabad district.

What is a Spur in Geography?

A spur in geography refers to a small ridge or a narrow strip of land that extends out from a larger hill or mountain.

It is typically formed by erosion, where water or wind cuts into the land, leaving a raised area that sticks out. Spurs often separate two valleys or run along the side of a mountain.

Example:

Imagine a mountain with two deep valleys on either side. The land that sticks out between these valleys is called a spur. It’s like a finger-like extension of the main mountain or hill.

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Formation

  • The Harischandra Range was formed over time as the Godavari and Bhima rivers slowly eroded the hard basalt rock of the Deccan Plateau. This process of downward erosion (cutting into the land and carrying away rock and soil) shaped the range into its current form.

Geographical Features

  • It lies between the Godavari River and the Bhima River.
  • Acts as a water divide between the Godavari and Krishna River basins.
  • These are low-lying hills with an average elevation of 600 metres (1,970 ft), increasing in elevation towards the northwest.

Geological Composition

  • Geologically similar to the Deccan Plateau.
  • Composed of basaltic lava deposits.

Flora and Environmental Concerns

  • The hills are covered with deciduous forests, predominantly teak.
  • Much of the forest cover has been degraded due to industrialisation and urbanisation in the region.

Key Features and Significance

  • The range derives its name from the Harischandragarh peak, which is:
    • A popular trekking spot.
    • The highest peak in the range.
  • The city of Ahmednagar is the largest urban area in this region.

FAQs

Q1: Where is the Harischandra Range located?

Maharashtra, India.

Q2: How was the Harischandra Range formed?

Erosion by Godavari and Bhima rivers

Q3: What is the highest peak in the Harischandra Range?

Harischandragarh.

Q4: What is the average elevation of the Harischandra Range?

600 metres (1,970 ft).

Q5: What type of vegetation is found in the Harischandra Range?

Deciduous forests (teak).

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